The 10-spot ladybird (Adalia decempunctata) is renowned among entomologists for being one of the most highly variable species in Europe. The two individuals you have captured perfectly illustrate the two most common "forms" or colour morphs of this beetle. Understanding the Variation The variation in this species is genetic and is categorised into several distinct forms. Unlike some insects where colour changes with age, these patterns are fixed once the adult's exoskeleton hardens after pupation. The "Typical" Form (Your first image): This is the typical form. It usually features orange or red elytra (wing cases) with several black spots. Despite the name "10-spot," the number of spots can actually vary from zero to fifteen. A key identifying feature across most forms is the pattern on the pronotum (the shield behind the head). It is usually white or cream with 5–7 black spots, often resembling a "crown" or a "cat's paw" print, which is visible in your photograph. The "Melanic" Form (Your second image): This appears to be the decempustulata form. Melanism (an increase in dark pigment) is very common in this species. In this version, the base colour is black, and the "spots" are actually orange or red windows of colour left behind. This dark pigmentation can be an evolutionary advantage in cooler climates or earlier in the spring, as dark colours absorb heat from the sun more efficiently, allowing the beetle to become active sooner.

Why so much variety? This "polymorphism" is a survival strategy. By having a wide variety of appearances within a single population, the species as a whole is more resilient. Some patterns may provide better camouflage against specific predators in different environments (such as lime trees vs. low-growing garden shrubs), while the darker versions have a thermal advantage.

This is the same individual as above seen from another angle

This individual was approximately just 2mm in length